Decision Support

Branch, JSC or LLC? Turkey Technopark Decision in 8 Questions

Law No. 4691 (Turkey Technopark) accepts branch, joint-stock and limited liability structures for foreign investors — liaison offices are structurally excluded. Answer 8 questions to find the structure that fits your scenario.

1. Expected annual R&D revenue in Turkey?
Below 5M TL (field test) 5M – 50M TL (mid-scale) Above 50M TL (large scale)
2. Is limiting the foreign parent's legal liability for Turkey operations a priority?
Yes, separate legal entity required No, parent can carry liability
3. Plan to test Turkey operations 12-18 months before scaling?
Yes, test then scale No, direct full scale
4. Plan for Employee Stock Option Plan (ESOP), future IPO or VC round?
Yes (ESOP / IPO / VC plan) No (closed structure, family office)
5. Target Turkey headcount after 12 months?
Fewer than 5 5 – 30 employees More than 30
6. Customer base to invoice from Turkey?
Only foreign related-party services Only Turkish domestic customers Mixed (foreign related + domestic)
7. Group structure?
Family holding / family office Corporate multinational group Independent startup / scale-up
8. Does your consolidated group revenue exceed €750M? (Pillar Two QDMTT test)
No, below threshold (Safe Harbour) Yes, above threshold (QDMTT in scope) Don't know / uncertain

Weekly tax & investment notesShort, practical notes on company formation, tax and foreign-investor regulation in Türkiye — on WhatsApp. One-way, no spam.